The world's largest coral reef

The Great Barrier Reef, located in Queensland on the east coast of Australia, is the largest and most beautiful coral reef in the world. In 1981, UNESCO listed the Great Fortress as a natural heritage on the World Heritage List.

Located on the northeastern coast of Australia, the Great Barrier Reef is a 2,000-kilometer stretch of land. The scenery is fascinating, unpredictable, and the water flow is extremely complex. There are more than 400 different types of coral reefs, including the world's largest coral reef and 1,500 species of fish. There are more than 4,000 species of mollusks and 242 species of birds, which are endowed with unique scientific research conditions. They are also habitats for some endangered animal species such as mermaid and giant green turtle.

The Great Barrier Reef is the largest coral reef in the world. It is one of the seven natural landscapes in the world and the most natural landscape that Australians are proud of.

The Great Barrier Reef is located in the western part of the Pacific Coral Sea, starting from the Torres Strait in the north and south to the Fraser Island. It stretches over 2,000 kilometers along the northeastern coastline of Australia, with a total area of ​​80,000 square kilometers. The north is chained and 16 to 20 kilometers wide; the southern part is 240 kilometers wide.

There are more than 600 large and small islands in the Great Barrier Reef waters, including Green Island, Danke Island, Magnetic Island, Helen Island, Hamilton Island, Lindeman Island, Lizard Island, and Fraser Island. These distinctive islands have now been opened up as tourist areas.

The Great Barrier Reef is made up of more than 350 kinds of colorful corals. The shape of the Great Barrier Reef is very different. Most of the barrier reefs are not in the water, and the reef tops are slightly exposed at low tide. Overlooking the sky, the reef is like a green emerald, shining, and the looming reef tops are like bright flowers, blooming in the blue sea.

In the Great Barrier Reef, the colorful coral reefs are red, pink, green, purple, and yellow. The shape is staghorn, ganoderma, lotus leaf, and seaweed, forming a variety of underwater landscapes. There are about 1,500 species of tropical marine life, including sea otters, tube worms, sponges, sea urchins, sea anemones, sea turtles, and various tropical ornamental fish such as butterfly fish, angel fish, and parrot fish.

The Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Act, promulgated in 1975, proposed the establishment, control, protection and development of marine parks, which covered 98.5% of the Great Barrier Reef. In 1981, the entire region was designated as a World Heritage List.

The Great Barrier Reef has a tropical climate and is mainly controlled by the southern hemisphere airflow. Seaweed is the main factor in the formation of the Great Barrier Reef. In addition to indigenous people, white Australians are also scattered in nearby islands, and the local tourism industry is well developed and an important source of income.

Since ancient times, the Great Barrier Reef, especially its northern region, has had an important impact on the culture of Aboriginal and Torres Island residents living on the northwest coast. The establishment of the Ocean Park not only plays an important role in protecting local culture, but also The lives of Aboriginal people are closely related. In addition, there are stone painting art museums and more than 30 famous historical sites, which can be traced back to 1791. Due to the sinister terrain of the Great Barrier Reef, there are a large number of beacons around the beacon, some of which have become famous historical sites, and some have been used until now.

Most of the islands and reefs are only slightly exposed to the sea and are still some distance from the real islands.

The Great Barrier Reef is the largest coral reef in the world, stretching longitudinally across the continental shelf off the northeast coast of Australia, with a 13-240 km wide waterway across the coast. It rises from the Torres Strait in the north to the Fraser Island in the south and is more than 2,000 kilometers long. Its width is less than 2 kilometers from the north and more than 150 kilometers to the south. It consists of more than 2,900 large and small island reefs with a total area of ​​207,000 square kilometers. When the Great Barrier Reef ebbs, about 80,000 kilometers of reefs are exposed to the water. When the tide rises, most of the reefs are covered by drowning water, leaving only more than 600 island reefs.

The origin of the name of the Great Barrier Reef is related to the British explorer Captain Cook. In June 1770, when Captain Cook drove the "Struggle" for a global study, his ship was caught between the lagoons on the east coast of Australia and the coral reefs. Despite trying to get rid of it, the "Struggle" still ran aground. Cook had to lead the sailor to repair the ship. During his stay, he inspected the coral reefs and named them the "Great Barrier Reef".

Incredibly, the "architect" who created such a huge "engineering" is a coelenterate polyp that is only a few millimeters in diameter. The coral worms are exquisite and beautiful in color. They can only live in waters with a water temperature of 22-28 degrees throughout the year, and the water quality must be clean and transparent. The continental shelf off the coast of Australia's northeast is ideal for the propagation of coral polyps. The polyps feed on plankton and live in groups, which can secrete calcareous bones. After the death of the old generation of coral polyps, the new generation continues to develop and multiply, and like the buds of trees, it develops to the heights and sides. Year after year, over the years, the calcareous bones secreted by the corals, together with the marine debris such as algae and shells, are piled up into a coral reef. The construction of coral reefs is very slow. Under the best conditions, the reefs are only 3-4 cm thick each year. Some reefs have reached a thickness of several hundred meters, indicating that these "architects" have been through this long period of time. It also shows that the northeast coast of Australia has experienced a process of subsidence in geological history, which has led to the continuous growth of corals that pursue sunshine and food.

In the Great Barrier Reef, there are more than 350 species of coral, regardless of shape, size, and color. Some are very small, and some can be as wide as 2 meters. Corals come in a variety of shapes, including scallops, hemispheres, whips, staghorns, trees and flowers. The color of the water inhabited by corals ranges from white to blue to blue, and the corals are also pale pink, deep rosy, bright yellow, and blue-green.

The environment of coral reef communities varies, and its depth, temperature, clarity, tranquility, and type of food vary with location, so thousands of species can find the environment they need. An estimated 1,400 species of fish, crustaceans and shellfish, anemones, worms, sponges and birds are housed on the Great Barrier Reef and surrounded by corals; corals account for only 10%. The finely-shelled shells and sand grains that sea cucumbers spit out will fill the cracks in the coral base and play a key role in protecting the reef.

The ecological environment of coral reefs is extremely subtle, and it will be destroyed if it is changed slightly. In the 1960s and 1970s, the number of sea stars in the crown was soaring. Because the starfish will spit the digestive juice on the coral, causing the coral to die, the ecology of the Great Barrier Reef is threatened. The original solid that caused the surge in the number of starfish is the conch on the tourist's twilight reef, and the carrion mollusk, which is a carnivorous mollusc, often eats the thorny comet and reduces its number. Protecting the conch can reduce the starfish, but the ecological balance of some coral reefs must take decades to recover.

The Great Barrier Reef is also a huge museum of natural marine life. On the vast expanse of the sea, dotted with colorful island reefs, large reefs and small reefs, atolls wrap the lagoon, the reefs are surging, and the reefs are as flat as the mirror. In the place where the seawater is not flooded on the reef, thicker soil layers have been developed. The coconut trees and palms are quite sturdy, the vines are densely woven, and the lush green scenery is beautiful. Through the warm and clear waters, you can see the dense forests of the more than 400 species of corals, "forests", in a variety of colors and colorful. There are 1,500 species of fish and 4,000 species of mollusks in the middle of the coral groves. It is also home to endangered animals such as dugongs and big green turtles. The hypertrophic sea cucumber is creeping, the red and yellow rhubarb starfish are crawling, the odd-shaped butterfly fish, the thick-lip fish are shuttled, and there are nearly 1 meter of large lobster, hundreds of kilograms of heavy crickets, and stonefish in the submerged reef. Here is a paradise for birds. The seabirds in the group are covered with clouds, and the Great Barrier Reef adds vitality.

The heart-shaped island reef is a famous landscape of the Great Barrier Reef, and its shape resembles the human heart.

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