Summary of the identification method of jade and true and false

Jade is the favorite gem of the Chinese. It has been regarded as an auspicious thing since ancient times, and it has the magic power to exorcise evil spirits. Emerald is one of the rarest and most expensive varieties of jade. Today, all kinds of jewelry, crafts and jewelry made with jade are loved by many art collectors and consumers in China. However, most people don't know about jade. Recently, Xinde Jade Jintan Store has provided us with this knowledge, and hopes to let people know more about jade through propaganda so as to identify true and false.

The "species" of jadeite refers to the structure and structure of jadeite. It is an important symbol of jade quality. The new "species" (also known as the new pit new plant, etc.) jade, loose texture, coarser grain size and uneven thickness, more impurity minerals, cracks and micro-cracks are more developed, but not necessarily poor transparency, specific gravity There is a drop. The old "species" (also known as the old pit old factory, etc.) jadeite, the structure is fine and compact, the particle size is fine and uniform, the micro-cracks are not developed, and its hardness has the highest specific gravity, which is the jade with good quality. But not necessarily transparency. The new and old species of jade is between the new species and the old jade. It is the jade that remains on the hillside and is not transported by nature or transported in a short distance. The new species of jade is the raw material for making jade B goods.

The meaning of "ground" of jadeite is the degree of coordination between the green part of jadeite and the cleanliness of the part other than green and water (transparency) and color, and the relationship between "species", "water" and "color". The folks call "land" "land" or "base barrier". Cui and Cui outside parts should be coordinated, such as Cuihao must be green and some outside the water, it is necessary to reflect the coordination, if the Cui is very good, but the water content of the outer part of the emerald is more dirty, called "good color difference." Cui's "water" and "species" should be coordinated, such as "species" old color is good, water is good, impurities are less dirty, set off against each other, strongly reflecting the emerald's love, light and value. The structure of "ground" should be delicate, the color tone should be uniform, the impurities are less dirty, and there is a certain degree of transparency. It is better to call "ground". Good "land" is called glass ground, sputum, egg white. Bad "ground" is called lime, shit and so on. The jade with bad water is called the "bottom dry." Emerald's "water" refers to its transparency, also known as the water head. The water of the emerald is related to the structure of the jadeite, that is to say to the "species". It is also related to the content of impurities. Those “ages” are old, have less impurities, have uniform particle size, and have high purity of jade water.

Jade's "fog" refers to a semi-oxidized, slightly weathered jadeite between the jade skin (weathered or oxidized) and the interior of the jade (no weathering or oxidation) or meat. In essence, it is also part of the jade, a transitional zone from weathered crust to unweathered flesh (jade). The color and presence of the fog can indicate how much impurities are inside the jade. The "species" are always new, the transparency is good and the internal cleanliness. But it does not indicate whether there is green in it, not related to green. The fog is divided into white, yellow, red, gray, black, and the like. If the outer skin is worn away, it reveals a light white white mist, indicating that the impurities are less "ground" and have a certain degree of transparency. If there is green under the white mist, it is very pure green, and the value of the ground is matched with the ground. Liancheng. White fog also means that "the species" is old, and most people like to gamble on white fog. The yellow fog shows that the iron and other elements in it are gradually oxidizing, but there is no serious oxidation. If it is a pure yellowish fog, it shows that there are few impurity elements, and high cui often appears. However, sometimes the blue-green tone produced by iron ions may enter the jadeite lattice, and the greenish blue-green tone appears. The red fog indicates that the iron contained in it has been severely oxidized, and gray "ground" may appear inside the jade. Black fog is mainly caused by oxidation of a large amount of impurity elements, indicating that there are many impurities in the jadeite and the transparency is poor. Some black fog will also appear high, but sometimes the water is very poor. Not all jadeites produce fog, and some jade sites produce jade without fog. In general, jadeite materials that produce fog are prolific in the mines of old factories and old and new factories. The jadeite "癣" refers to the black ash-black plaques, strips, etc. in the jade skin or inside. The shape of the enamel is different. The main minerals of these black enamels are hornblende, bluestone schist, chromite And some oxide compositions, because these black minerals have a genetic relationship with the colored chromium ions, and the chromite ore in the black minerals continually releases the colored chromium ions, making the jadeite under the proper conditions. Green. Therefore, 癣 is closely related to green. The folks call it "black with green" and "green". However, there are not necessarily green, green is not necessarily flawed, depending on the environment and time of the formation of the earth, and whether there are factors such as the presence of chromium in the earth. Therefore, the folks have the saying of "death" and "living". In the process of generating jade and after many geological movements and multiple hydrothermal activities, there is a geological environment in which chromium is released, which can make jade green. At this time, there is not necessarily a flaw, and there is little relationship between green and green. If 癣 and jade symbiosis, it is conducive to the geological conditions and hydrothermal activity of chrome release. The chrome in the sputum is continuously released and the color is changed. When the local environment changes, it is not conducive to the release of chrome. When the coloration is terminated, black will be produced. With the phenomenon of green walking, it is called live cockroaches. After the formation of the jade, the resulting "癣", without the geological conditions of the release of chromium, produced the nickname "死". According to the green and enamel on the jadeite raw materials, the small structure and the tumor, the jadeite mineral and the interpenetrating relationship can accurately judge the live "癣" and the death "癣". The relationship between 癣 and green can be divided, 癣 and green are not easy to separate from each other, 逐步 and green gradually transition or clear boundaries, green and 癣 are separated by a distance, and the parties exist alone. Sometimes there is a "pine flower" display next to it, which indicates that there is green inside, but there is a lot of green inside, and the shape cannot be judged.

On the epidermis of jade raw materials, see the regular or directional arrangement of weathered and semi-weathered sand with the same or deep or light color as the epidermis, indicating the directional dynamic deterioration of the original stone. The co-strong influence of hydrothermal alteration has the potential to cause chromium to be released and green. Where there is a umbilical cord, there is not necessarily a green, and there must be a "song" to indicate that there may be green inside. The scales indicate that "the species" is old. The belt is generally parallel to the green direction, the green trend (pulse) or the shape of the green, mostly the primary crack is filled with chromium ions and color.

The jade skin is faintly visible like some dried mossy patches, and the plaques and strips are called "pine flowers." It refers to the green color of the original jadeite material, which has been lost by weathering. According to the depth, shape, direction, amount and density of the pine flower color, the depth, direction, size and shape of the green color can be inferred. When observing, it is necessary to study the raw materials on the raw materials.

Also known as splitting, splitting, compounding or filling the material. The splitting is divided into primary cracks, which are generated simultaneously with the original stone. Late cracking, which is formed after diagenesis. Some of the primary cracks have been repaired by late hydrothermal activity, and some are filled with late minerals. Most of the later cracks are clearly visible to the naked eye, and the overall destruction of the jade stone is very large. The splitting can be divided into large cracks, small dragonflies, well characters, and fine flaws. Some cracks will cut off the green strip and misplace it. Some green strips are themselves cracked and later filled with green. It is estimated by what to estimate based on the distribution frequency of the crack. The low concave parts on the original stone are the parts where the cracks exist.

White cotton refers to a translucent, slightly transparent white mineral with plaque, strips, filaments and corrugations inside the jade. The main component of white minerals is feldspar, followed by nepheline, analcite, etc. and some gas-liquid inclusions. It is an impurity in jade, which seriously affects the quality and beauty of jadeite. Its existence will greatly affect the price of jade. There is also white cotton between green and green. It may also be jadeite itself, which is caused by uneven green distribution.

Most of the jadeite materials have leather, and the special jadeite also has leather. The jade skin is formed by the weathering of jadeite materials during handling. The color of the skin is black, gray, yellow, brown, light yellow, white, etc. The formation of the color of the skin is a combination of two geological functions, that is, the external oxidation of the jade makes the iron hydroxide penetrate into the jade skin. The result of interaction with the impurity elements that are oxidizing under the epidermis in fine micro-cracks. According to the color, compactness, smoothness and convexity and concavity of the skin, it is possible to estimate the color inside the jadeite material, the quality of the head, the quality of the ground, and the number of old and cracked species. If the skin is dense and fine, it usually shows that the internal transparency is less and the impurities are less, and the surface of the skin is not obvious. It often shows that there may be green inside, and the unevenness of the leather surface is uneven. The texture is loose and the water is poor. If the color of the jade skin is large, and there are strips of black scorpion, you should pay attention to the possibility of green. Black sable sand contains a lot of impurities such as iron, and even if it has green inside, most of it is blueish green. After the yellow white sand is applied to the water, there is a feeling of fine sand falling off, and the general water head is sufficient. The brown skin is called the yellow sable, and the general species is very old. If the skin is tender and sees the moss and the black strips cover the water, there may be high citrus. There is a lot of knowledge about the skin of the jade, and it is necessary to comprehensively judge and estimate the situation inside.

Cui is also called "fly wings." It is a unique symbol of jade. It refers to the flaky flash of the mineral crystal face and cleavage surface that make up the jadeite. This is especially noticeable when the mineral particles that make up the jadeite are coarse. This is the "greenness" of jade. If the mineral particles of the jadeite are particulate, it is rare to see the "green", which is due to the twin crystal surface and the cleavage is too small. Such as the glass of the emerald eye is difficult to see "green".